Church to commemorate Battle of Dranesville
Gregg MacDonald
At the start of the Civil War, Union and Confederate troops met at Dranesville in a short, bloody battle that left more than 50 dead and 200 wounded.
Today, part of the battlefield belongs the Dranesville Church of the Brethren, a pacifist church that has resisted war for more than three centuries.
On Dec. 16, the Sunday closest to the anniversary of the battle, the congregation will gather to remember the battle and to pray for peace.
The Battle of Dranesville, one of the earliest in the Civil War, started Dec. 20, 1861, as Confederate troops under J.E.B. Stuart started out from their Centreville camp looking for winter forage for their horses. At the same time, Union troops set out looking for the same thing.
Both sides selected Dranesville for the same reason. The town, larger then than it is today, was a hotbed of secessionism, according to Dranesville Church of the Brethren parishioner and amateur historian John Waggoner.
“Our congregation has researched the battle and the men who fought in it. We’ve found the names of many of the men who died there, as well as copies of letters the survivors wrote about it – for many, their first battle,” he said.
According to Waggoner, local Dranesville farmers each owned an average of five to 10 slaves. Nearly all residents voted to secede from the Union. Stuart figured local farmers would aid the Confederate cause.
Union Brig. Gen. E.O.C. Ord thought that local sympathies would run toward Union troops – and aimed to get to Dranesville before the Confederates.
Shortly after noon, Union troops arrived in Dranesville. Ord set out with 10,000 men, but left 5,000 in reserve at Colvin Mill.
Ord took five regiments of infantry, one regiment of cavalry and a small artillery battery to Dranesville.
Stuart's troops arrived at about the same time. The flamboyant cavalry leader had about 2,500 men: four regiments of infantry, one of cavalry and one artillery battery.
The troops started skirmishing outside Dranesville, and soon fell into battle formation across Leesburg Pike.
Most of the action took place between Ord's artillery position near the present site of the church and down the hill toward the old town of Dranesville – near the present site of the Dranesville Tavern.
Waggoner said that a newspaper reporter described the three-hour battle as "one incessant firing."
Confederate troops mistakenly fired at each other in the confusion of their first battle.
Unusually accurate Union cannon fire blasted Stuart's artillery, killing six -- three by decapitation. Stuart got his hay wagons to safety and retreated to the Frying Pan meeting house.
Stuart claimed victory, but Confederate forces took the far greater casualties: 43 dead, 150 wounded.
Union forces had seven dead, 60 wounded. The North, which had been trounced earlier in the first Battle of Manassas and the disaster at Balls' Bluff, near Leesburg, hailed the battle as a great Union victory.
The Dranesville Church of the Brethren arrived about 50 years later, in 1903.
According to Waggoner, the Brethren, like the Quakers and Mennonites, have a long tradition of pacifism.
The Brethren congregation in Dranesville began worshiping at the Liberty Meeting House, now the Dranesville Methodist Church.
In 1912, they built their own meeting house in Dranesville. As it turned out, the donated land was where General Ord placed his cannons on Dec. 20, 1861, during the Battle of Dranesville.
The Brethren will hold a memorial peace service this Sunday.
“Our service starts with a candle lit for each man. As each name is read, one candle is extinguished, to symbolize the terrible human cost of war,” Waggoner said. “It’s an extremely moving service.”
The service will start at 7 p.m. at the Dranesville chapel, 11500 Leesburg Pike in Herndon.
A small exhibit on the battle -- including a few artifacts found near the church -- will be in the downstairs meeting hall. For information about the memorial service, call 703-430-7872.